cannabis indica

Canabinoides Sintéticos JWH-x

termo de indexação original: JWH-x Synthetic Cannabinoids

O que é Canabinoides Sintéticos JWH-x

A série JWH leva as iniciais de John W. Huffman, químico da Universidade Clemson que sintetizou centenas de canabinoides nos anos 1990 e 2000 para estudar a relação entre estrutura molecular e atividade nos receptores.

Os compostos foram publicados em literatura científica aberta — e, a partir de 2008, fabricantes clandestinos passaram a produzi-los e aspergi-los sobre material vegetal, vendido como spice ou K2. O JWH-018 foi o mais difundido.

O problema é farmacológico, não apenas legal: ao contrário do THC, que é agonista parcial do CB1, esses compostos são agonistas totais e muito mais potentes. Isso explica os quadros de toxicidade aguda — convulsões, taquicardia, psicose — descritos em boa parte dos estudos desta página, que tratam sobretudo de toxicologia e saúde pública.

No acervo

O acervo do Cannabis Indica reúne 172 estudos científicos que tocam o composto Canabinoides Sintéticos JWH-x, publicados entre 1999 e 2023. Pela leitura automatizada, 129 (75%) foram classificados como favoráveis, 17 (10%) como inconclusivos e 26 (15%) como desfavoráveis — uma leitura de máquina, feita para navegar, não para concluir. O desenho mais frequente é metanálise (68 estudos), seguido de estudo em animais (61). As condições mais associadas são Câncer, Inflamação e Intoxicação por Cannabis Sintética.

Estudos indexados
172
Período coberto
1999–2023
Favoráveis
129 · 75%
Inconclusivos
17 · 10%
Desfavoráveis
26 · 15%
Termo original
JWH-x Synthetic Cannabinoids

O acervo em números

Tipo de estudo

Metanálise68
Estudo em Animais61
Estudo Laboratorial37
Ensaio Clínico4
Ensaio Clínico Duplo-Cego1
Metanálise Clínica1

Direção do resultado

Favorável129
Inconclusivo17
Desfavorável26

Por década

1990s1
2000s26
2010s85
2020s60

172 estudos

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  1. 2023

    Anandamide reduces the migration of lymphocytes to the intestine by CB2 activation and reduces TNF-α in the target organs, protecting mice from graft-versus-host disease

  2. 2023

    Could cannabinoids provide a new hope for ovarian cancer patients?

  3. 2023

    Marijuana as a Cause of Diffuse Coronary Vasospasm Leading to Cardiac Arrest

  4. 2023

    Regulatory role of the endocannabinoid system on glial cells toward cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies

  5. 2022

    A Review on the Bioactivity of Cannabinoids on Zebrafish Models: Emphasis on Neurodevelopment

    FavorávelMetanáliseDorCâncerAnsiedadeAnandamida (AEA)Tetraidrocanabinol (THC)+25
  6. 2022

    Alteration of osteoclast activity in childhood cancer survivors: Role of iron and of CB2/TRPV1 receptors

  7. 2022

    Association of cannabinoid receptor modulation with normal and abnormal skeletal remodelling: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro, in vivo and human studies

  8. 2022

    Cannabinoids as anticancer drugs: current status of preclinical research

  9. 2022

    Cannabinoids in rheumatology: Friend, foe or a bystander?

  10. 2022

    Cannabis-Based Products for the Treatment of Skin Inflammatory Diseases: A Timely Review

    FavorávelMetanáliseDorCâncerInflamaçãoAnandamida (AEA)Tetraidrocanabinol (THC)+28
  11. 2022

    Chronic Administration of Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Agonist (JWH-133) Increases Ectopic Ovarian Tumor Growth and Endocannabinoids (Anandamide and 2-Arachidonoyl Glycerol) Levels in Immunocompromised SCID Female Mice

    DesfavorávelEstudo em AnimaisCâncerCâncer — Ovário
  12. 2022

    Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Lichen Simplex Chronicus Successfully Treated with Topical Cannabinoid Oil: A Case Report and Summary of Cannabinoids in Dermatology

  13. 2022

    Differential activation of G protein‐mediated signaling by synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists

  14. 2022

    Effects of synthetic (JWH-018) cannabinoids treatment on spermatogenesis and sperm function

    DesfavorávelEstudo em AnimaisIntoxicação por Cannabis SintéticaInfertilidade Masculina
  15. 2022

    Effects of synthetic cannabinoids on psychomotor, sensory and cognitive functions relevant for safe driving

  16. 2022

    Endocannabinoid Modulation in Neurodegenerative Diseases: In Pursuit of Certainty

  17. 2022

    Endocannabinoid signaling in glioma

  18. 2022

    Expression and Functions of the CB 2 Receptor in Human Leukocytes

  19. 2022

    G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Osteoarthritis

  20. 2022

    Immunomodulatory Role of CB2 Receptors in Emotional and Cognitive Disorders

  21. 2022

    Impact of the Endocannabinoid System on Bone Formation and Remodeling in p62 KO Mice

    InconclusivoEstudo em AnimaisOsteoporoseEndocanabinoide (não especificado)
  22. 2022

    In vitro percutaneous absorption studies of cannabidiol using human skin: Exploring the effect of drug concentration, chemical enhancers, and essential oils

    FavorávelEstudo LaboratorialDorCâncerInflamaçãoAnandamida (AEA)2-Araquidonoilglicerol (2-AG)+14
  23. 2022

    Involvement of the cannabinoid system in chronic inflammatory intestinal diseases: opportunities for new therapies

  24. 2022

    Modulation of Endocannabinoid System Components in Depression: Pre-Clinical and Clinical Evidence

  25. 2022

    Opioid-sparing effect of cannabinoids for analgesia: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical and clinical studies

  26. 2022

    Pharmacological Aspects and Biological Effects of Cannabigerol and Its Synthetic Derivatives

  27. 2022

    Role of cannabis in inflammatory bowel diseases

  28. 2022

    Spinal cannabinoid CB1 or CB2 receptors activation attenuates mechanical allodynia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

  29. 2022

    Synaptic changes induced by cannabinoid drugs and cannabis use disorder

  30. 2022

    Targeting cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) limits collagen production-An in vitro study in a primary culture of human fibroblasts

    FavorávelEstudo LaboratorialInflamaçãoDoenças de PeleFibroseCanabinoides Sintéticos AM-x+2
  31. 2022

    Targeting the Endocannabinoid System: From the Need for New Therapies to the Development of a Promising Strategy. What About Pancreatic Cancer?

  32. 2022

    Therapeutic Potential of Cannabinoids on Tumor Microenvironment: A Molecular Switch in Neoplasia Transformation

  33. 2022

    Why Do Marijuana and Synthetic Cannabimimetics Induce Acute Myocardial Infarction in Healthy Young People?

  34. 2021

    A cannabinoid type 2 (CB2) receptor agonist augments NOS-dependent responses of cerebral arterioles during type 1 diabetes

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisDiabetes
  35. 2021

    Activation of the cannabinoid receptor type 2 by the agonist JWH133 promotes the first wave of in vitro spermatogenesis

    FavorávelEstudo LaboratorialCâncerInfertilidade Masculina
  36. 2021

    Anti-Inflammatory and Pro-Autophagy Effects of the Cannabinoid Receptor CB2R: Possibility of Modulation in Type 1 Diabetes

  37. 2021

    Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Agonism is Capable of Preventing Lipopolysaccharide Induced Decreases of Cochlear Microcirculation - A Potential Approach for Inner Ear Pathologies

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisInflamaçãoOtite MédiaCanabinoide Sintético (não especificado)
  38. 2021

    Cannabinoids for the treatment of dementia

  39. 2021

    Cannabis sativa: Interdisciplinary Strategies and Avenues for Medical and Commercial Progression Outside of CBD and THC

    FavorávelMetanáliseAnandamida (AEA)2-Araquidonoilglicerol (2-AG)+17
  40. 2021

    CB2 agonism controls pain and subchondral bone degeneration induced by mono-iodoacetate: Implications GPCR functional bias and tolerance development

  41. 2021

    Endocannabinoid System as a Promising Therapeutic Target in Inflammatory Bowel Disease - A Systematic Review

  42. 2021

    Natural and Synthetic Cannabinoids: Pharmacology, Uses, Adverse Drug Events, and Drug Interactions

  43. 2021

    Psychotomimetic symptoms after a moderate dose of a synthetic cannabinoid (JWH-018): implications for psychosis

    DesfavorávelEnsaio Clínico Duplo-CegoPsicose
  44. 2021

    Self-administration of inhaled delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and synthetic cannabinoids in non-human primates

  45. 2021

    Signaling through the type 2 cannabinoid receptor regulates the severity of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisRejeição de TransplanteDoença do Enxerto contra Hospedeiro
  46. 2021

    Synthetic Cannabinoids and Cathinones Cardiotoxicity: Facts and Perspectives

  47. 2021

    Synthetic Cannabinoids Induce Autophagy and Mitochondrial Apoptotic Pathways in Human Glioblastoma Cells Independently of Deficiency in TP53 or PTEN Tumor Suppressors

    FavorávelEstudo LaboratorialCâncerCâncer — CérebroCanabinoides Sintéticos WIN-x
  48. 2021

    Systematic review of the impact of cannabinoids on neurobehavioral outcomes in preclinical models of traumatic and nontraumatic spinal cord injury

  49. 2021

    Targeting the endocannabinoid system for management of HIV-associated neuropathic pain: A systematic review

  50. 2021

    The Activation of Cannabinoid Type-2 Receptor with JWH-133 Protects Uterine Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Damage

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisDoenças Cardiovasculares (DCV)Lesão de Reperfusão
  51. 2021

    The cannabinoid TRPA1 agonist cannabichromene inhibits nitric oxide production in macrophages and ameliorates murine colitis

  52. 2021

    The Current and Potential Application of Medicinal Cannabis Products in Dentistry

  53. 2020

    Activation of cannabinoid receptor 2 protects rat hippocampal neurons against Aβ-induced neuronal toxicity

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisDoença de AlzheimerDemência
  54. 2020

    Cannabinoid Type 2 Receptor Agonist JWH133 Decreases Blood Pressure of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Through Relieving Inflammation in the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla of the Brain

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisInflamaçãoDoenças Cardiovasculares (DCV)Hipertensão Arterial
  55. 2020

    CB2R orchestrates neuronal autophagy through regulation of the mTOR signaling pathway in the hippocampus of developing rats with status epilepticus

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisEpilepsiaCanabinoides Sintéticos AM-x
  56. 2020

    Comparison of the Neurotoxic and Seizure-Inducing Effects of Synthetic and Endogenous Cannabinoids with Δ 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol

    DesfavorávelEstudo em AnimaisIntoxicação por Cannabis SintéticaCanabinoides Sintéticos AM-x
  57. 2020

    Imbalance of Endocannabinoid/Lysophosphatidylinositol Receptors Marks the Severity of Alzheimer’s Disease in a Preclinical Model: A Therapeutic Opportunity

  58. 2020

    Pharmacological activation of CB2 receptor protects against ethanol-induced myocardial injury related to RIP1/RIP3/MLKL-mediated necroptosis

  59. 2020

    Phenotype-Based Screening of Synthetic Cannabinoids in a Dravet Syndrome Zebrafish Model

  60. 2020

    The ameliorating effect of cannabinoid type 2 receptor activation on brain, lung, liver and heart damage in cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis model in rats

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisSepse
  61. 2019

    Antiallodynic Effects of Cannabinoid Receptor 2 (CB2R) Agonists on Retrovirus Infection-Induced Neuropathic Pain

  62. 2019

    Cannabinoid Signaling in the Skin: Therapeutic Potential of the “C(ut)annabinoid” System

  63. 2019

    Cannabinoids and bone regeneration

    FavorávelMetanáliseFraturas ÓsseasAnandamida (AEA)2-Araquidonoilglicerol (2-AG)+3
  64. 2019

    Cannabinoids and Dementia: A Review of Clinical and Preclinical Data

  65. 2019

    Endocannabinoid System in Hepatic Glucose Metabolism, Fatty Liver Disease, and Cirrhosis

  66. 2019

    Hypothalamic endocannabinoid signalling modulates aversive responses related to panic attacks.

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisAnsiedadeAnandamida (AEA)2-Araquidonoilglicerol (2-AG)+5
  67. 2019

    Neurocognition and Subjective Experience Following Acute Doses of the Synthetic Cannabinoid JWH-018: Responders Versus Nonresponders

    DesfavorávelEnsaio ClínicoIntoxicação por Cannabis Sintética
  68. 2019

    Potential of Cannabinoid Receptor Ligands as Treatment for Substance Use Disorders

  69. 2019

    Potential Use of Cannabinoids for the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer

  70. 2019

    Suppression of CpG-ODN-mediated IFNα and TNFα response in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) by cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2)-specific agonists

    FavorávelMetanáliseInflamaçãoArtriteArtrite — Reumatoide+1
  71. 2019

    Suspected synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist intoxication: Does analysis of samples reflect the presence of suspected agents?

  72. 2019

    Synthetic cannabinoids and endometrial stromal cell fate: Dissimilar effects of JWH-122, UR-144 and WIN55,212-2

  73. 2018

    Acute side effects after consumption of the new synthetic cannabinoids AB-CHMINACA and MDMB-CHMICA

  74. 2018

    Anandamide and endocannabinoid system: an attractive therapeutic approach for cardiovascular disease

    FavorávelMetanáliseAnandamida (AEA)Hidrolase de Amidas de Ácidos Graxos (FAAH)+4
  75. 2018

    Antinociceptive effects of JWH015 in female and male rats

  76. 2018

    Effects of cannabinoid receptor type 2 in respiratory syncytial virus infection in human subjects and mice.

  77. 2018

    Endocannabinoids in Body Weight Control

    FavorávelMetanáliseObesidadeAnandamida (AEA)2-Araquidonoilglicerol (2-AG)+6
  78. 2018

    Excretion of metabolites of the synthetic cannabinoid JWH-018 in urine after controlled inhalation

    InconclusivoEnsaio ClínicoEfeitos Adversos da CannabisIntoxicação por Cannabis Sintética
  79. 2018

    Impacts of cannabinoid receptor ligands on nicotine- and chronic mild stress-induced cognitive and depression-like effects in mice

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisDepressãoDisfunção CognitivaCanabinoides Sintéticos AM-x
  80. 2018

    Involvement of the CB2 cannabinoid receptor in cell growth inhibition and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest via the cannabinoid agonist WIN 55,212–2 in renal cell carcinoma.

  81. 2018

    Mechanistic Potential and Therapeutic Implications of Cannabinoids in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

  82. 2018

    Neurocognition and subjective experience following acute doses of the synthetic cannabinoid JWH-018: a phase 1, placebo-controlled, pilot study

  83. 2018

    Repeated Exposure to the “Spice” Cannabinoid JWH-018 Induces Tolerance and Enhances Responsiveness to 5-HT1A Receptor Stimulation in Male Rats

    DesfavorávelEstudo em AnimaisPsicoseIntoxicação por Cannabis Sintética
  84. 2018

    Role of Cannabinoids in Obesity

    FavorávelMetanáliseObesidadeAnandamida (AEA)2-Araquidonoilglicerol (2-AG)+2
  85. 2018

    The Endocannabinoid/Cannabinoid Receptor 2 System Protects Against Cisplatin-Induced Hearing Loss

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisZumbidoPerda AuditivaCanabinoides Sintéticos AM-x
  86. 2018

    The Endogenous Cannabinoid System: A Budding Source of Targets for Treating Inflammatory and Neuropathic Pain

  87. 2018

    The Inhibitory Effects of Cobalt Protoporphyrin IX and Cannabinoid 2 Receptor Agonists in Type 2 Diabetic Mice.

  88. 2018

    Traditional Uses of Cannabinoids and New Perspectives in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis.

    FavorávelMetanáliseEsclerose MúltiplaAnandamida (AEA)Tetraidrocanabinol (THC)+9
  89. 2017

    Activation of cannabinoid receptor type 2 by JWH133 alleviates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisFibroseFibrose — PulmonarCanabinoides Sintéticos SR-x
  90. 2017

    Bladder Cancer Cell Growth and Motility Implicate Cannabinoid 2 Receptor-Mediated Modifications of Sphingolipids Metabolism

    FavorávelEstudo LaboratorialCâncerCâncer — Bexiga
  91. 2017

    Cannabinoid Type-2 Receptor Drives Neurogenesis and Improves Functional Outcome After Stroke.

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisAVCCanabinoides Sintéticos SR-x
  92. 2017

    Cannabinoids: Possible agents for treatment of psoriasis via suppression of angiogenesis and inflammation.

    FavorávelEstudo LaboratorialPsoríase
  93. 2017

    CB2 receptor activation causes an ERK1/2-dependent inflammatory response in human RPE cells

    DesfavorávelEstudo LaboratorialInflamaçãoDoenças da RetinaDegeneração Macular
  94. 2017

    Manipulation of the Endocannabinoid System in Colitis: A Comprehensive Review.

  95. 2017

    Natural (∆9-THC) and synthetic (JWH-018) cannabinoids induce seizures by acting through the cannabinoid CB1 receptor

  96. 2017

    The Clinical Significance of Endocannabinoids in Endometriosis Pain Management

    FavorávelMetanáliseEndometrioseAnandamida (AEA)Tetraidrocanabinol (THC)+5
  97. 2017

    β-Caryophyllene, a CB2 Receptor-Selective Phytocannabinoid, Suppresses Motor Paralysis and Neuroinflammation in a Murine Model of Multiple Sclerosis

  98. 2016

    Cannabinoid receptor-specific mechanisms to alleviate pain in sickle cell anemia via inhibition of mast cell activation and neurogenic inflammation.

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisDoença FalciformeAnandamida (AEA)Canabinoides Sintéticos CP-x
  99. 2016

    Cannabinoid Receptors Are Overexpressed in CLL but of Limited Potential for Therapeutic Exploitation

    InconclusivoEstudo LaboratorialCâncerCâncer — LeucemiaAnandamida (AEA)Canabinoides Sintéticos AM-x
  100. 2016

    JWH-133, a Selective Cannabinoid CB₂ Receptor Agonist, Exerts Toxic Effects on Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells

    FavorávelEstudo LaboratorialCâncerCâncer — Neuroblastoma
  101. 2016

    Modulation of cellular redox homeostasis by the endocannabinoid system.

  102. 2016

    Simultaneous Activation Of Induced Heterodimerization Between CXCR4 Chemokine Receptor And Cannabinoid Receptor 2 (CB2) Reveal A Mechanism For Regulation Of Tumor Progression

    FavorávelEstudo LaboratorialDorCâncerHIV/AIDSCanabinoides Sintéticos AM-x+4
  103. 2016

    The gastrointestinal tract – a central organ of cannabinoid signaling in health and disease.

  104. 2016

    Type 2 cannabinoid receptor contributes to the physiological regulation of spermatogenesis.

    FavorávelEstudo LaboratorialInfertilidade Masculina
  105. 2016

    Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Reverses TNFα-induced Increase In Airway Epithelial Cell Permeability Through CB2 Receptors

    FavorávelEstudo LaboratorialAsmaTosseCanabinoides Sintéticos AM-x
  106. 2015

    Cannabinoid WIN55, 212-2 induces cell cycle arrest and inhibits the proliferation and migration of human BEL7402 hepatocellular carcinoma cells

  107. 2015

    Cannabinoids in experimental stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisAVCAnandamida (AEA)Tetraidrocanabinol (THC)+6
  108. 2015

    Effects of bioisosteric fluorine in synthetic cannabinoid designer drugs JWH-018, AM-2201, UR-144, XLR-11, PB-22, 5F-PB-22, APICA, and STS-135

  109. 2015

    Effects of Cannabinoids on T-cell Function and Resistance to Infection.

  110. 2015

    Protective Role of Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Activation in Galactosamine/Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Liver Failure through Regulation of Macrophage Polarization and MicroRNAs

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisInsuficiência Hepática
  111. 2015

    The Effect of Phytocannabinoids on Airway Hyper-Responsiveness, Airway Inflammation, and Cough.

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisTosseTetraidrocanabinol (THC)Canabinoides Sintéticos AM-x+4
  112. 2015

    Ultra Low Dose Delta 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Protects Mouse Liver from Ischemia Reperfusion Injury.

  113. 2015

    Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol treatment during human monocyte differentiation reduces macrophage susceptibility to HIV-1 infection.

    FavorávelEstudo LaboratorialHIV/AIDSTetraidrocanabinol (THC)Canabinoides Sintéticos O-x
  114. 2014

    A cannabigerol derivative suppresses immune responses and protects mice from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

  115. 2014

    Cannabinoid effects on β amyloid fibril and aggregate formation, neuronal and microglial-activated neurotoxicity in vitro

  116. 2014

    Cannabinoid receptor 2 as a potential therapeutic target in rheumatoid arthritis

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisArtriteArtrite — Reumatoide
  117. 2014

    Care and feeding of the endocannabinoid system: a systematic review of potential clinical interventions that upregulate the endocannabinoid system

  118. 2014

    Evaluation of selective cannabinoid CB(1) and CB(2) receptor agonists in a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide-induced interstitial cystitis

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisCistite
  119. 2014

    Exogenous cannabinoids as substrates, inhibitors, and inducers of human drug metabolizing enzymes: a systematic review

    InconclusivoMetanáliseTetraidrocanabinol (THC)Canabinoides Sintéticos AM-x+1
  120. 2014

    Four postmortem case reports with quantitative detection of the synthetic cannabinoid, 5F-PB-22

  121. 2014

    Ligand activation of cannabinoid receptors attenuates hypertrophy of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.

  122. 2014

    Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Adverse Effects of Synthetic Cannabinoid Drugs

  123. 2013

    "Spiceophrenia": a systematic overview of "spice"-related psychopathological issues and a case report

    DesfavorávelMetanálisePsicoseEsquizofreniaIntoxicação por Cannabis Sintética
  124. 2013

    A case of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome caused by synthetic cannabinoids

  125. 2013

    Acute toxicity due to the confirmed consumption of synthetic cannabinoids: clinical and laboratory findings

  126. 2013

    An accidental fatal intoxication with methoxetamine

  127. 2013

    Attenuation of HIV-1 replication in macrophages by cannabinoid receptor 2 agonists.

    FavorávelEstudo LaboratorialHIV/AIDSCanabinoides Sintéticos WIN-xCanabinoides Sintéticos SR-x+1
  128. 2013

    Cannabinoids Inhibit T-cells via Cannabinoid Receptor 2 in an in vitro Assay for Graft Rejection, the Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction

  129. 2013

    CB1 Cannabinoid Receptors Couple to Focal Adhesion Kinase to Control Insulin Release.

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisDiabetesAnandamida (AEA)Endocanabinoide (não especificado)+6
  130. 2013

    Driving under the influence of synthetic cannabinoids ("Spice"): a case series

  131. 2013

    Ischemic stroke after use of the synthetic marijuana “spice”

    DesfavorávelMetanáliseDoenças Cardiovasculares (DCV)AVCInfarto
  132. 2013

    K2 Toxicity: Fatal Case of Psychiatric Complications Following AM2201 Exposure†

  133. 2012

    "Spice" and "K2" herbal highs: a case series and systematic review of the clinical effects and biopsychosocial implications of synthetic cannabinoid use in humans

  134. 2012

    Activation of Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Attenuates Leukocyte–Endothelial Cell Interactions and Blood–Brain Barrier Dysfunction under Inflammatory Conditions

    FavorávelEstudo LaboratorialInflamaçãoCanabinoides Sintéticos O-x
  135. 2012

    An accidental fatal intoxication with methoxetamine

  136. 2012

    Anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic effects of CB2R agonist (JWH-133) in non-small lung cancer cells (A549) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells: an in vitro investigation

    FavorávelEstudo LaboratorialCâncerCâncer — Pulmão
  137. 2012

    Cannabinoid Receptors, CB1 and CB2, as Novel Targets for Inhibition of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Growth and Metastasis

    FavorávelEstudo LaboratorialCâncerCâncer — PulmãoCanabinoides Sintéticos WIN-x
  138. 2012

    Modulation of l-α-Lysophosphatidylinositol/GPR55 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Signaling by Cannabinoids

    InconclusivoEstudo LaboratorialDorCâncerCanabinoides Sintéticos AM-xCanabinoides Sintéticos WIN-x+10
  139. 2011

    Anti-tumoral Action Of Cannabinoids On Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Role Of AMPK-dependent Activation Of Autophagy

    FavorávelEstudo LaboratorialCâncerCâncer — FígadoTetraidrocanabinol (THC)
  140. 2011

    Endocannabinoids in Liver Disease

  141. 2011

    Synthetic cannabinoid JWH-018 and psychosis: an explorative study

    DesfavorávelMetanálisePsicoseIntoxicação por Cannabis Sintética
  142. 2010

    Cannabinoids and Viral Infections.

    InconclusivoEstudo LaboratorialHIV/AIDSHepatiteHerpesAnandamida (AEA)2-Araquidonoilglicerol (2-AG)+7
  143. 2010

    Cannabinoids reduce ErbB2-driven breast cancer progression through Akt inhibition

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisCâncerCâncer — MamaTetraidrocanabinol (THC)
  144. 2010

    Do Cannabinoids have a therapeutic role in transplantation?

  145. 2010

    Targeting the Cannabinoid Pathway Limits the Development of Fibrosis and Autoimmunity in a Mouse Model of Systemic Sclerosis

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisEsclerose SistêmicaCanabinoides Sintéticos WIN-x
  146. 2009

    CB(2) Cannabinoid Receptor Activation Is Cardioprotective in a Mouse Model of ischemia/reperfusion

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisDoenças Cardiovasculares (DCV)InfartoLesão de Reperfusão
  147. 2009

    Selective CB2 Receptor Agonism Protects Central Neurons from Remote Axotomy-Induced Apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt Pathway.

  148. 2009

    Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists inhibit tumor growth and metastasis of breast cancer

  149. 2009

    The Activation Of Cannabinoid CB2 Receptors Stimulates In Situ And In Vitro Beta-amyloid Removal By Human Macrophages

    FavorávelEstudo LaboratorialDoença de AlzheimerDemência
  150. 2009

    WIN55,212-2, a Cannabinoid Receptor Agonist, Protects Against Nigrostriatal Cell Loss in the MPTP Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease.

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisDoença de ParkinsonCanabinoides Sintéticos WIN-x
  151. 2009

    Withdrawal Phenomena and Dependence Syndrome After the Consumption of "Spice Gold"

  152. 2008

    Attenuation of experimental autoimmune hepatitis by exogenous and endogenous cannabinoids: involvement of regulatory T cells.

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisHepatiteAnandamida (AEA)Hidrolase de Amidas de Ácidos Graxos (FAAH)+3
  153. 2008

    Cannabidiol, extracted from Cannabis sativa, selectively inhibits inflammatory hypermotility in mice.

  154. 2008

    Cannabinoid 2 receptor induction by IL-12 and its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.

    FavorávelEstudo LaboratorialCâncerCâncer — TireoideCanabinoides Sintéticos WIN-x
  155. 2008

    Endocannabinoids enhance lipid synthesis and apoptosis of human sebocytes via cannabinoid receptor-2-mediated signaling.

    FavorávelEstudo LaboratorialAcneSeborreiaAnandamida (AEA)Endocanabinoide (não especificado)+1
  156. 2007

    Anti‐inflammatory property of the cannabinoid receptor‐2‐selective agonist JWH‐133 in a rodent model of autoimmune uveoretinitis

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisUveíte
  157. 2007

    Cannabinoid-2 receptor mediates protection against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisInsuficiência HepáticaAnandamida (AEA)2-Araquidonoilglicerol (2-AG)+2
  158. 2007

    Cannabinoids induce glioma stem-like cell differentiation and inhibit gliomagenesis

  159. 2007

    Down-regulation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 in gliomas: a new marker of cannabinoid antitumoral activity?

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisCâncerCâncer — CérebroTetraidrocanabinol (THC)
  160. 2007

    Pharmacological Inhibition of CB1 Cannabinoid Receptor Protects Against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity

  161. 2006

    Cannabinoid Derivatives Induce Cell Death In Pancreatic MIA PaCa-2 Cells Via A Receptor-independent Mechanism

  162. 2006

    Cannabinoids inhibit human keratinocyte proliferation through a non-CB1/CB2 mechanism and have a potential therapeutic value in the treatment of psoriasis.

  163. 2005

    Antifibrogenic role of the cannabinoid receptor CB2 in the liver.

  164. 2005

    Prevention Of Alzheimer's Disease Pathology By Cannabinoids: Neuroprotection Mediated By Blockade Of Microglial Activation

  165. 2004

    Cannabinoids Inhibit The Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Pathway In Gliomas

    FavorávelEnsaio ClínicoCâncerCâncer — CérebroAnandamida (AEA)Tetraidrocanabinol (THC)+2
  166. 2003

    Inhibition of guinea-pig and human sensory nerve activity and the cough reflex in guinea-pigs by cannabinoid (CB2) receptor activation.

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisTosseCanabinoides Sintéticos SR-x
  167. 2003

    Inhibition of skin tumor growth and angiogenesis in vivo by activation of cannabinoid receptors.

  168. 2002

    Decrease in efficacy and potency of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by chronic delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol administration

    DesfavorávelEstudo em AnimaisDorDor — AgudaAnandamida (AEA)Tetraidrocanabinol (THC)+1
  169. 2001

    Inhibition of glioma growth in vivo by selective activation of the CB(2) cannabinoid receptor

    FavorávelEstudo em AnimaisCâncerCâncer — CérebroCanabinoides Sintéticos SR-x
  170. 2000

    Cannabinoids Control Spasticity And Tremor In A Multiple Sclerosis Model.

  171. 2000

    Influence of the N-1 alkyl chain length of cannabimimetic indoles upon CB(1) and CB(2) receptor binding

    FavorávelEstudo Laboratorial
  172. 1999

    3-(1',1'-Dimethylbutyl)-1-deoxy-delta8-THC and related compounds: synthesis of selective ligands for the CB2 receptor

    FavorávelEstudo Laboratorial

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Perguntas frequentes

Quantos estudos sobre canabinoides sintéticos jwh-x estão indexados no acervo?
São 172 estudos, publicados entre 1999 e 2023. O acervo inteiro tem 7.640 registros.
Que tipos de estudo predominam?
Metanálise: 68 · Estudo em Animais: 61 · Estudo Laboratorial: 37 · Ensaio Clínico: 4 · Ensaio Clínico Duplo-Cego: 1 · Metanálise Clínica: 1. A classificação segue o desenho declarado na fonte.
O que significa a classificação de resultado?
É uma leitura automatizada da conclusão de cada estudo, em três direções — favorável, inconclusivo e desfavorável. Aqui são 129 favoráveis, 17 inconclusivos e 26 desfavoráveis. Serve para navegar o acervo, não para concluir nada clinicamente: a conclusão válida é a do artigo original.

Como citar esta página

ABNT

CANNABIS INDICA. Canabinoides Sintéticos JWH-x — estudos científicos sobre cannabis. 2026. Disponível em: https://cannabisindica.com.br/canabinoide/canabinoides-sinteticos-jwh-x/. Acesso em: 13 set. 2026.

APA

Cannabis Indica. (2026). Canabinoides Sintéticos JWH-x — estudos científicos sobre cannabis. https://cannabisindica.com.br/canabinoide/canabinoides-sinteticos-jwh-x/

Esta página é um índice de acesso. Ao usar um estudo como evidência, cite o artigo original — o link de cada registro leva à fonte.